Problems of mortality and life expectancy in Georgia

Abstract

Stagnation of life expectancy is one of the most obvious events of demographic development in Georgia that has proceeded more than 60 years. This circumstance is associated with a negative situation in the field of mortality.

According to the data represented by National Statistics Office of Georgia in 1960-2021 the life expectancy of male decreased by 1.6 years, of female for 0.4 years and by 2021 it made up correspondingly 67.5 and 75.4 years.

From the point of view of demographic development, Georgia is currently completing the forth stage of demographic transition, which is characterized by an increase in mortality. In 1960-2021 crude death rate in Georgia increased 2.5 times and made up 16.2‰ (2021). The considered coefficient depends on the sex and age structure of the population, it also depend on the level of population aging and emigration processes. The mortality rate of the working-age population in Georgia is high. Unlike the developed countries of the West, the epidemiological transition developed in a different way.

The existing difficult situation in the field of mortality is mainly caused by social-economic reasons and by the quality problems of the health system, it is important to note ignoring by the overwhelming majority of the population of a healthy lifestyle.

To illustrate the differences in mortality, a comparative analysis was carried out with the developed countries of the West.